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Domanda
Qual è lo scopo evolutivo del frutto del fico d'India?
Risposte
02/17/2022
Demy
Qual è lo scopo evolutivo dei frutti di fico d'India?
I frutti di fico d'India hanno lo scopo evolutivo di replicare e riprodurre le piante di cactus Opuntia.
Si sono evoluti per fornire zuccheri e umidità in un clima arido, e sono mangiati da uccelli e piccoli roditori. I semi sono anche portati via dalle formiche una volta che i frutti sono aperti.
Hanno spine protettive che proteggono i frutti mentre maturano.
I frutti diventano rossi quando sono maturi, ma la carne e i semi sono facilmente accessibili quando i frutti si aprono o le spine e i glochidi sono spazzolati via dai frutti maturi.
I frutti raccolti al mercato hanno le spine e i glochidi spazzolati via dai venditori, quindi sono più sicuri da maneggiare e pronti ad essere aperti per estrarre la succulenta polpa del frutto
Frutto di fico d'India in un mercato in Zacatecas, Mexico
All Opuntia seeds, which are large compared to other Cacti, have a particularly hard impervious shell which can be softened by a bird’s digestive system but protects the inner seed from digestion.
The seeds can remain dormant in the dry ground for up to twenty years, but will germinate quickly once the defensive shell is breached by impacts or abrasive wind-blown sand.
Opuntia ficus-indica fruits have been widely grown as a commercial crop, but ran amok as an invasive species when introduced to Australia for this purpose.
O. ficus-indica is a large, trunk-forming, segmented cactus that may grow to 5–7 m (16–23 ft) with a crown of over 3 m (10 ft) in diameter and a trunk diameter of 1 m (1 yd).[1]Cladodes (large pads) are green to blue-green, bearing few spines up to 2.5 cm (1 in) or may be spineless.[1]
Prickly pears typically grow with flat, rounded cladodes (also called platyclades) containing large, smooth, fixed spines and small, hairlike prickles called glochids that readily adhere to skin or hair, then detach from the plant.
The local birds liked the fruits, and spread the seeds widely all over Australia, until the Cactoblastis caterpillars were imported to reduce the damage. Elsewhere Cactoblastis is itself considered an invasive species!
Cactoblastis cactorum, the cactus moth, South American cactus moth or nopal moth, is native to Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay and southern Brazil
It is one of five species in the genus Cactoblastis that inhabit South America, where many parasitoids and pathogens control the expansion of the moths' population.
This species has been introduced into many areas outside its natural range, including Australia, the Caribbean, and South Africa.
In some locations, it has spread uncontrollably and was consequently classified an invasive species.[1]
However, in other places such as Australia, it has gained favor for its role in the biological control of cacti from the genus Opuntia, such as prickly pear.
Ilgiardino.wiki
Qual è lo scopo evolutivo dei frutti di fico d'India?
I frutti di fico d'India hanno lo scopo evolutivo di replicare e riprodurre le piante di cactus Opuntia.
Si sono evoluti per fornire zuccheri e umidità in un clima arido, e sono mangiati da uccelli e piccoli roditori. I semi sono anche portati via dalle formiche una volta che i frutti sono aperti.
Hanno spine protettive che proteggono i frutti mentre maturano.
I frutti diventano rossi quando sono maturi, ma la carne e i semi sono facilmente accessibili quando i frutti si aprono o le spine e i glochidi sono spazzolati via dai frutti maturi.
I frutti raccolti al mercato hanno le spine e i glochidi spazzolati via dai venditori, quindi sono più sicuri da maneggiare e pronti ad essere aperti per estrarre la succulenta polpa del frutto
Frutto di fico d'India in un mercato in Zacatecas, Mexico
By Tomás Castelazo - Own work, CC BY-SA 2.5, File:Prickly pears.jpg - Wikimedia Commons
All Opuntia seeds, which are large compared to other Cacti, have a particularly hard impervious shell which can be softened by a bird’s digestive system but protects the inner seed from digestion.
The seeds can remain dormant in the dry ground for up to twenty years, but will germinate quickly once the defensive shell is breached by impacts or abrasive wind-blown sand.
Opuntia ficus-indica fruits have been widely grown as a commercial crop, but ran amok as an invasive species when introduced to Australia for this purpose.
Opuntia - Wikipedia
Typical morphology of an Opuntia with fruit
O. ficus-indica is a large, trunk-forming, segmented cactus that may grow to 5–7 m (16–23 ft) with a crown of over 3 m (10 ft) in diameter and a trunk diameter of 1 m (1 yd).[1] Cladodes (large pads) are green to blue-green, bearing few spines up to 2.5 cm (1 in) or may be spineless.[1]
Prickly pears typically grow with flat, rounded cladodes (also called platyclades) containing large, smooth, fixed spines and small, hairlike prickles called glochids that readily adhere to skin or hair, then detach from the plant.
The local birds liked the fruits, and spread the seeds widely all over Australia, until the Cactoblastis caterpillars were imported to reduce the damage. Elsewhere Cactoblastis is itself considered an invasive species!
Cactoblastis cactorum - Wikipedia
Cactoblastis cactorum, the cactus moth, South American cactus moth or nopal moth, is native to Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay and southern Brazil
It is one of five species in the genus Cactoblastis that inhabit South America, where many parasitoids and pathogens control the expansion of the moths' population.
This species has been introduced into many areas outside its natural range, including Australia, the Caribbean, and South Africa.
In some locations, it has spread uncontrollably and was consequently classified an invasive species.[1]
However, in other places such as Australia, it has gained favor for its role in the biological control of cacti from the genus Opuntia, such as prickly pear.
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