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Come possiamo estrarre l'alluminio dalla bauxite?

Risposte
04/12/2022
Gibeon Restuccia

Aluminium
In the metallurgy of aluminium, purified Al2O3 is mixed with Na3AlF6
or CaF2 which lowers the melting point of the mix and brings
conductivity. The fused matrix is electrolysed. Steel vessel with lining
of carbon acts as cathode and graphite
anode is used. The overall reaction may
be written as:
2Al2O3 + 3C → 4Al + 3CO2 (6.44)
This process of electrolysis is widely
known as Hall-Heroult process.
Thus electrolysis of the molten mass
is carried out in an electrolytic cell using
carbon electrodes. The oxygen liberated
at anode reacts with the carbon of anode
producing CO and CO2. This way for each kg of
aluminium produced, about 0.5 kg of carbon
anode is burnt away. The electrolytic reactions are:
Cathode: Al3+ (melt) + 3e– → Al(l) (6.45)
Anode: C(s) + O2– (melt) → CO(g) + 2e– (6.46)
C(s) + 2O2– (melt) → CO2 (g) + 4e– (6.47)

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